MINIATURES

  A Legacy of Resistance --The Enduring Symbol of Our Flag We frequently encounter old photographs depicting Filipinos at the turn of the 20th century, clutching white flags. This era, marked by American control over much of Luzon, saw the indigenous population – young and old alike – under constant suspicion of insurgency. The white flag served as a desperate plea, signifying their noncombatant status and intent to simply go about their daily lives. However, American soldiers subjected them to searches nonetheless. Examining the history of Filipinos and their flags reveals a deep-seated connection. As early as the American arrival in Manila Bay in 1898, the US Expeditionary Force bristled at the sight of Filipinos proudly displaying their national emblem. Reports documented small civilian fleets and bancas adorned with Philippine flags dotting the waters around Manila Bay, prompting the Americans to confiscate many of them. This aversion to national symbols culminated in the passage o